when Imposition of vicarious liability with aid of S. 34 is permissible and what are the requirements of the same. Significance of amendment made to S. 34 in 1870 adding the phrase “in furtherance of the common intention” is to be construed as an advancement or promotion. Necessity of proving that accused on whom vicarious liability is sought to be imposed shared common intention and since direct evidence is rarely available , it can be inferred from the acts or conduct of the accused and other relevant circumstances. Case law surveyed in detail and principles summarized regarding how common intention is to be inferred and determined in each case.
[Jasdeep Singh v. State of Punjab, (2022) 2 SCC 545]